<h3>Overview</h3>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Family planning consists of multiple ways  to plan or prevent pregnancy from occurring.</li>
</ol>
<h3>Nursing Points</h3>
<h4>General</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">It is important to remember the patient’s preferences are most important and the below factors may influence choices of family planning
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Goal-oriented in selection of method
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Prevention versus planning</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Factors that may influence contraceptive selection:
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Religious, cultural, personal influences</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Age</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Smoker or nonsmoker</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Goals for family planning</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Level of compliance (for example, will she take an oral contraceptive every day?)</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Frequency of intercourse (for example, if someone is frequently having intercourse, will they use a condom every time or would an oral contraceptive or IUD be more appropriate?)</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Currently breastfeeding</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">The only method that is 100% proven to prevent pregnancy or STI’s is abstinence</li>
</ol>
<h4>Assessment</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Assess their current lifestyle / habits</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Identify their family planning goals</li>
</ol>
<h4>Therapeutic Management</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Pregnancy prevention
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Oral contraceptives, intrauterine devices, cervical caps, diaphragm</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Pregnancy and STI prevention
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Condoms</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Trying to get pregnant
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li>Ovulation tracking
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman;">
<li>Basal Body Temperature</li>
<li>Ovulation Predictor Kits</li>
<li>Calendar Method</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Infertility
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman;">
<li>Meds</li>
<li>Surgical procedures
<ol>
<li>To fix whatever the problem is ie: blockage in the tubes carrying the sperm</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>In vitro fertilization</li>
<li>Intrauterine insemination</li>
<li>Surrogacy</li>
<li>Embryo hosts</li>
<li>Adoption</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Finished having children and want to permanently prevent future pregnancy
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Tubal ligation (female)</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Vasectomy (male)</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h4>Nursing Concepts</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Reproduction</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Patient education</li>
</ol>
<h3>Patient Education</h3>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Birth control pills should be taken at the same time every day</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Antibiotics and other meds may decrease the effectiveness of contraceptives – use other form of protection</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">It is important to take a prenatal vitamin when trying to conceive &#8211; should include folic acid</li>
</ol>

OB (Maternal Newborn)

ob-01-02-family-planning-2

Family Planning

<h3>Overview</h3>
Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a hormone disorder common in females of reproductive age characterized by cystic ovaries, abnormal menses, and excess androgen levels, that is usually treated by lifestyle modifications. 
<h3>Pathophysiology: PCOS is thought to be caused by genetics but is fully unknown. PCOS is when there are multiple (poly) cysts on the ovaries. These are benign. These patients are also in a hyperinsulinemic state and insulin resistant. Insulin stimulates the secretion of androgen. This makes the patient hyperandrogenic. This hyperandrogenic state causes an increase in testosterone. The excess androgens allow for follicular growth and the inappropriate release of androgens causes anovulation. </h3>
<h3>Nursing Points</h3>
<h4>General</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Hormone disorder
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Androgen, estrogen metabolism problem
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Excess androgen levels
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Prevents release of egg during menstrual cycle
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Causes small cysts on ovaries</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Common in women of reproductive age</li>
</ol>
<h4>Assessment</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Assessment findings
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Irregular menses
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Infrequent or prolonged periods</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Anovulation
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Ovary doesn’t release egg → ovulation doesn’t happen</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Causes infertility → no egg present to be fertilized </li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Excess androgen levels
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Acne</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Extra hair growth</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Metabolic syndrome
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Hyperglycemia</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Obesity </li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Insulin Resistance
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Cells don’t respond to insulin</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Glucose is not used for energy and is stored in body
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Results in weight gain</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Increases production of androgens</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Diagnostic testing
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Labs
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Normal thyroid function</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">↑ LH, ↓ FSH
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Ratio is off as high as 3:1</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">↑ Androgen </li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">↑ Insulin 
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">In  insulin resistance</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">↓ Progesterone </li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Imaging
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Transvaginal ovarian ultrasound
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Visualize cystic ovaries</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Pelvic CT, MRI
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Imaging of structures</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Rule out mass</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h4>Therapeutic Management</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Lifestyle modifications 
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">First line treatment</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Diet, exercise, weight loss</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Medications 
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Metformin
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Regulate glucose levels</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Makes body more sensitive to insulin</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Spironolactone
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">↓  Androgen levels</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Oral contraceptives
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Induce regular menses</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Fertility medications
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Promote fertility</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Hormone regulation</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h4>Nursing Concepts</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Reproduction</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Hormone regulation</li>
</ol>
<h4>Patient Education</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Treatment options
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Lifestyle modification</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Medication</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
References: Lucidi, R. S. (2018, September 16). Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. Retrieved March 17, 2019, from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/256806-overview

Med-Surg | Genitourinary

04-02-nursing-care-and-pathophysiology-for-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-pcos

04.02 Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)

In this course, you'll be able to learn different mnemonics that will help you to remember the need to know nursing information!

nursing-mnemonics-cram

Aortic Aneurysm – Management Nursing Mnemonic (CRAM)

nursing-mnemonics-pee-bads

Aortic Aneurysm – Thoracic signs Nursing Mnemonic (PEE BADS)

nursing-mnemonics-sad

Aortic Stenosis Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (SAD)

nursing-mnemonics-be-joan-of-arc

Bacterial Endocarditis – Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Be Joan Of Arc)

nursing-mnemonics-toilet-paper-my-ass

Cardiac Valves Blood Flow Nursing Mnemonic (Toilet Paper my Ass)

nursing-mnemonics-the-5-ps

Circulatory Checks (5 P’s) Nursing Mnemonic (The 5 P’s)

nursing-mnemonics-i-have-a-right-to-camp-if-you-left-off-the-ac

Coronary Arteries – Location Nursing Mnemonic (I have a RIGHT to CAMP if you LEFT off the AC)

nursing-mnemonics-please-read-his-text

Cor Pulmonale – Signs & Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Please Read His Text)

nursing-mnemonics-unload-fast

CHF Treatment Nursing Mnemonic (UNLOAD FAST)

nursing-mnemonics-the-4-ts

Cyanotic Defects Nursing Mnemonic (The 4 T’s)

nursing-mnemonics-chop

Heart Failure-Left-Sided Nursing Mnemonic (CHOP)

nursing-mnemonics-left-lung-right-rest

Heart Failure-Origin Nursing Mnemonic (Left – Lung|Right – Rest)

nursing-mnemonics-head

Heart Failure – Right Sided Nursing Mnemonic (HEAD)

nursing-mnemonics-ape-to-man

Heart Sounds Nursing Mnemonic (APE To Man – All People Enjoy Time Magazine)

nursing-mnemonics-the-4-cs

Hypertension- Complications Nursing Mnemonic (The 4 C’s)

nursing-mnemonics-diuretic

Hypertension – Nursing care Nursing Mnemonic (DIURETIC)

nursing-mnemonics-vak

Increase MAP Nursing Mnemonic (VAK)

nursing-mnemonics-hard-ass-mrs-msd

Murmur locations Nursing Mnemonic (hARD ASS MRS. MSD)

nursing-mnemonics-tv-sparc-cube

Shock – Signs and symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (TV SPARC CUBE)

nursing-mnemonics-his-leg-might-fall-off

Vascular Disease – Deep Vein Thrombosis Nursing Mnemonic (HIS Leg Might Fall off)

nursing-mnemonics-cold-hand

Vascular disease – Raynaud’s symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (COLD HAND)

nursing-mnemonics-triple-h-therapy

Vasospasm Therapy Nursing Mnemonic (Triple H Therapy)

Cardiovascular (Cardiac, CVD) Mnemonics

nursing-mnemonics-kult

Anion Gap Acidosis 1 Nursing Mnemonic (KULT)

nursing-mnemonics-mudpiles

Anion Gap Acidosis 2 Nursing Mnemonic (MUDPILES)

nursing-mnemonics-rome

Arterial Blood Gases Nursing Mnemonic (ROME)

nursing-mnemonics-universally-odd

Blood Type O Nursing Mnemonic (Universally Odd)

nursing-mnemonics-piso

Electrolytes – Location in Body Nursing Mnemonic (PISO)

nursing-mnemonics-groans-moans-bones-stones-overtones

Hypercalcemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (GROANS, MOANS, BONES, STONES, OVERTONES)

nursing-mnemonics-machine

Hyperkalemia – Causes Nursing Mnemonic (MACHINE)

nursing-mnemonics-dry-hot-insulin-shot

Hyperglycemia Management Nursing Mnemonic (Dry and Hot – Insulin Shot)

nursing-mnemonics-aired

Hyperkalemia – Management Nursing Mnemonic (AIRED)

nursing-mnemonics-murder

Hyperkalemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Murder)

nursing-mnemonics-model

Hypernatremia – Causes Nursing Mnemonic (MODEL)

nursing-mnemonics-salt

Hypernatremia – Signs and Symptoms 3 Nursing Mnemonic (SALT)

nursing-mnemonics-cats

Hypocalcemia – Definition, Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (CATS)

nursing-mnemonics-tired

Hypoglycemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (TIRED)

nursing-mnemonics-6-ls

Hypokalemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (6 L’s)

nursing-mnemonics-salt-loss

Hyponatremia- Definition, Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (SALT LOSS)

nursing-mnemonics-all-dogs-eat-kibble

Vitamins – Fat Soluble Nursing Mnemonic (All Dogs Eat Kibble)

nursing-mnemonics-birth-control

Vitamins – Water Soluble Nursing Mnemonic (Birth Control)

Electrolytes & Labs Mnemonics

nursing-mnemonics-batted

ADLs (Activity of Daily Living) Nursing Mnemonic (BATTED)

nursing-mnemonics-beep

Bleeding Complications (Minor) Nursing Mnemonic (BEEP)

nursing-mnemonics-mr-dice-runs

Mnemonic for Organ Systems (MR DICE RUNS)

nursing-mnemonics-randi

Bleeding Precautions Nursing Mnemonic (RANDI)

nursing-mnemonics-coal

Canes Nursing Mnemonic (COAL)

nursing-mnemonics-clpn

Caring Licensed Practical Nurse Nursing Mnemonic (CLPN)

nursing-mnemonics-cho-cho-chon

CHO, CHO, CHON Nursing Mnemonic (CHO, CHO, CHON)

nursing-mnemonics-map-it

Community Health Tool Nursing Mnemonic (MAP-IT)

nursing-mnemonics-i-prepare

Environmental Health Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (I PREPARE)

nursing-mnemonics-fit

Exercise Guidelines Nursing Mnemonic (FIT)

nursing-mnemonics-pass

Fire Safety 1 Nursing Mnemonic (PASS)

nursing-mnemonics-race

Fire Safety 2 Nursing Mnemonic (RACE)

nursing-mnemonics-brow

Gluten Free Diet Nursing Mnemonic (BROW)

nursing-mnemonics-kings-eat-big-cakes

High Pressure Vent Alarms Nursing Mnemonic (Kings Eat Big Cakes)

nursing-mnemonics-scum

IADLS (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living) Nursing Mnemonic (SCUM)

nursing-mnemonics-never-carry-dirty-socks-or-smelly-clothes

Levels of consciousness Nursing Mnemonic (Never Carry Dirty Socks Or Smelly Clothes)

nursing-mnemonics-cake-everyday

Low Pressure Vent Alarms Nursing Mnemonic (Cake Everyday)

nursing-mnemonics-opqrst

Pain Assessment Questions Nursing Mnemonic (OPQRST)

nursing-mnemonics-precede-proceed

Planning Community Health Interventions Nursing Mnemonic (PRECEDE-PROCEED)

nursing-mnemonics-pooper-scoop

Promotion and Evaluation of Normal Elimination Nursing Mnemonic (POOPER SCOOP)

nursing-mnemonics-perrla

Pupil Reactions Nursing Mnemonic (PERRLA)

nursing-mnemonics-madle

Safety Check Nursing Mnemonic (MADLE)

nursing-mnemonics-sbar

SBAR Communication Nursing Mnemonic (SBAR)

nursing-mnemonics-soapie

Steps In The Nursing Process 3 Nursing Mnemonic (SOAPIE)

nursing-mnemonics-fast

Stoke Assessments Nursing Mnemonic (FAST)

nursing-mnemonics-adpie-a-delicious-pie

Steps in the Nursing Process 1 Nursing Mnemonic (ADPIE)

nursing-mnemonics-aapie-an-apple-pie

Steps in the Nursing Process 2 Nursing Mnemonic (AAPIE)

nursing-mnemonics-abcdefghi

Trauma – Assessment (Emergency) Nursing Mnemonic (ABCDEFGHI)

nursing-mnemonics-traumatic

Trauma – Complications Nursing Mnemonic (TRAUMATIC)

nursing-mnemonics-ample

Trauma Surgery – Medical History Nursing Mnemonic (AMPLE)

nursing-mnemonics-start

Triage Nursing Mnemonic (START)

nursing-mnemonics-wandering-wilma-always-late

Walkers Nursing Mnemonic (Wandering Wilma Always Late)

old-carts

OLD CARTS Mnemonic (OLD CARTS)

Fundamentals & Nursing Process Mnemonics

nursing-mnemonics-anorexia

Anorexia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (ANOREXIA)

nursing-mnemonics-pains

Appendicitis – Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (PAINS)

nursing-mnemonics-bulimia

Bulimia – Signs and Symptoms 1 Nursing Mnemonic (BULIMIA)

nursing-mnemonics-washed

Bulimia – Signs and Symptoms 2 Nursing Mnemonic (WASHED)

nursing-mnemonics-christmas

Crohn’s Morphology and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (CHRISTMAS)

nursing-mnemonics-please-bring-happy-energy

Cirrhosis Complications Nursing Mnemonic (Please Bring Happy Energy)

nursing-mnemonics-bad-hits

Causes of Pancreatitis Nursing Mnemonic (BAD HITS)

nursing-mnemonics-brat

Diarrhea – Treatment Nursing Mnemonic (BRAT)

nursing-mnemonics-please-fix-his-abscess-soon

Diverticulitis Complications Nursing Mnemonic (Please Fix His Abscess SOon)

nursing-mnemonics-air-raid

Epiglottitis – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (AIR RAID)

nursing-mnemonics-reflux-is-probably-mean

GERD causes Nursing Mnemonic (Reflux Is Probably Mean)

nursing-mnemonics-her-belly-really-hurts-following-dinner

Hiatal Hernia Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Her Belly Really Hurts Following Dinner)

nursing-mnemonics-5-fs

Risk Factors for Cholelithiasis Nursing Mnemonic (5-F’s)

nursing-mnemonics-the-3-cs

Tracheal Esophageal Fistula – Sign and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (The 3 C’s)

Oral Birth Control Pills – Serious Complications Nursing Mnemonic (Aches)

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Oral Birth Control Pills &#8211; Serious Complications Nursing Mnemonic (Aches)