<h3>Overview</h3>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Important structures form the optimal fetal environment
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Amnion</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Chorion</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Amniotic Fluid</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Placenta</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h3>Nursing Points</h3>
<h4>General</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Drugs, nutrients, ETOH, viruses, and antibodies can pass through placenta</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Larger particles, like bacteria, cannot pass through placenta</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Amniotic sac and mucus plug act as a barrier to keep toxins from passing through the cervix</li>
</ol>
<h4>Assessment</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Amnion
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Inner membrane that forms the amniotic sac that later surrounds the embryo/fetus</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Chorion
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Outer membrane that forms the fetal side of the placenta</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Eventually develops vascular structures</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Forms placenta</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Amniotic fluid
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Cushions, protects, temperature control</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Fetus will swallow amniotic fluid, urinate it out, and move it through their respiratory system
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Doesn&#8217;t provide nutrients</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Placenta
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Fully formed at 10 weeks and at 12 weeks produces hormones</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">It&#8217;s an organ!</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Provides gas exchange, exchange of nutrients and waste products between mom and baby</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h4>Therapeutic Management</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Management will revolve around ensuring the environment is safe for fetal development
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">No alcohol, illegal drugs, or medications that are unsafe in pregnancy</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Healthy diet</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Hydration</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Making sure proper development of the fetal environment occurs or it will not be viable</li>
</ol>
<h4>Nursing Concepts</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Reproduction</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Human development</li>
</ol>
<h3>Patient Education</h3>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Safe medications</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">No alcohol</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Prenatal vitamins</li>
</ol>

OB (Maternal Newborn)

ob-05-03-fetal-environment-2

05.03 Fetal Environment

<h3>Overview</h3>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Closed circulatory system</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Blood flow from mother goes to the placenta and nutrients are absorbed and oxygen diffused through fetal circulation via the umbilical cord to the fetus </li>
</ol>
<h3>Nursing Points</h3>
<h4>General</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Blood is carried to and from the placenta via the umbilical cord
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">While it appears as 1 big vessel, there are 2 arteries and 1 vein within the umbilical cord
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">AVA= 2 arteries, 1 vein</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Oxygen and nutrient exchange occurs in the placenta</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Lungs and liver not fully functional; bypasses necessary to ensure adequate oxygenation</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Gas exchange does not occur via alveoli like normal in fetal lungs, they are filled with fluid.  
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Because of this, there is high pressure and therefore high resistance in lungs, which plays a role in these bypasses.</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h4>Assessment</h4>
Bypasses:
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Ductus arteriosus
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Connects pulmonary artery and aorta, bypasses lungs</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Blood moves from right ventricle to pulmonary artery then through ductus to aorta to  bypass the lungs </li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Foramen ovale
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Connects left and right atrium in the heart, bypasses lungs</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Blood shunts R → L</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Ductus venosus
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Shunts blood from the umbilical vein into the inferior vena cava →  bypasses liver</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Critical for quickly shunting oxygenated blood to the fetal brain</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h4>Therapeutic Management</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Ensure umbilical veins have good blood flow by ultrasound visualization </li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">These bypasses and adaptations should close on their own after birth</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">If they do not, the newborn could have difficulties with perfusion and oxygenation
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Refer to Congenital Heart Defects lesson
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Murmurs</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Newborn may require support</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h4>Nursing Concepts</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Reproduction</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Perfusion</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Human Development</li>
</ol>
<h3>Patient Education</h3>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Heart murmurs can be normal for the first 24 hours post delivery due to ducts closing</li>
</ol>

ob-05-04-fetal-circulation-2

05.04 Fetal Circulation

In this course, you'll be able to learn different mnemonics that will help you to remember the need to know nursing information!

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Aortic Aneurysm – Management Nursing Mnemonic (CRAM)

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Aortic Aneurysm – Thoracic signs Nursing Mnemonic (PEE BADS)

nursing-mnemonics-sad

Aortic Stenosis Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (SAD)

nursing-mnemonics-be-joan-of-arc

Bacterial Endocarditis – Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Be Joan Of Arc)

nursing-mnemonics-toilet-paper-my-ass

Cardiac Valves Blood Flow Nursing Mnemonic (Toilet Paper my Ass)

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Circulatory Checks (5 P’s) Nursing Mnemonic (The 5 P’s)

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Coronary Arteries – Location Nursing Mnemonic (I have a RIGHT to CAMP if you LEFT off the AC)

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Cor Pulmonale – Signs & Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Please Read His Text)

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CHF Treatment Nursing Mnemonic (UNLOAD FAST)

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Cyanotic Defects Nursing Mnemonic (The 4 T’s)

nursing-mnemonics-chop

Heart Failure-Left-Sided Nursing Mnemonic (CHOP)

nursing-mnemonics-left-lung-right-rest

Heart Failure-Origin Nursing Mnemonic (Left – Lung|Right – Rest)

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Heart Failure – Right Sided Nursing Mnemonic (HEAD)

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Heart Sounds Nursing Mnemonic (APE To Man – All People Enjoy Time Magazine)

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Hypertension- Complications Nursing Mnemonic (The 4 C’s)

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Hypertension – Nursing care Nursing Mnemonic (DIURETIC)

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Increase MAP Nursing Mnemonic (VAK)

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Murmur locations Nursing Mnemonic (hARD ASS MRS. MSD)

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Shock – Signs and symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (TV SPARC CUBE)

nursing-mnemonics-his-leg-might-fall-off

Vascular Disease – Deep Vein Thrombosis Nursing Mnemonic (HIS Leg Might Fall off)

nursing-mnemonics-cold-hand

Vascular disease – Raynaud’s symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (COLD HAND)

nursing-mnemonics-triple-h-therapy

Vasospasm Therapy Nursing Mnemonic (Triple H Therapy)

Cardiovascular (Cardiac, CVD) Mnemonics

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Anion Gap Acidosis 1 Nursing Mnemonic (KULT)

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Anion Gap Acidosis 2 Nursing Mnemonic (MUDPILES)

nursing-mnemonics-rome

Arterial Blood Gases Nursing Mnemonic (ROME)

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Blood Type O Nursing Mnemonic (Universally Odd)

nursing-mnemonics-piso

Electrolytes – Location in Body Nursing Mnemonic (PISO)

nursing-mnemonics-groans-moans-bones-stones-overtones

Hypercalcemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (GROANS, MOANS, BONES, STONES, OVERTONES)

nursing-mnemonics-machine

Hyperkalemia – Causes Nursing Mnemonic (MACHINE)

nursing-mnemonics-dry-hot-insulin-shot

Hyperglycemia Management Nursing Mnemonic (Dry and Hot – Insulin Shot)

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Hyperkalemia – Management Nursing Mnemonic (AIRED)

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Hyperkalemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Murder)

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Hypernatremia – Causes Nursing Mnemonic (MODEL)

nursing-mnemonics-salt

Hypernatremia – Signs and Symptoms 3 Nursing Mnemonic (SALT)

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Hypocalcemia – Definition, Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (CATS)

nursing-mnemonics-tired

Hypoglycemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (TIRED)

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Hypokalemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (6 L’s)

nursing-mnemonics-salt-loss

Hyponatremia- Definition, Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (SALT LOSS)

nursing-mnemonics-all-dogs-eat-kibble

Vitamins – Fat Soluble Nursing Mnemonic (All Dogs Eat Kibble)

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Vitamins – Water Soluble Nursing Mnemonic (Birth Control)

Electrolytes & Labs Mnemonics

nursing-mnemonics-batted

ADLs (Activity of Daily Living) Nursing Mnemonic (BATTED)

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Bleeding Complications (Minor) Nursing Mnemonic (BEEP)

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Mnemonic for Organ Systems (MR DICE RUNS)

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Bleeding Precautions Nursing Mnemonic (RANDI)

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Canes Nursing Mnemonic (COAL)

nursing-mnemonics-clpn

Caring Licensed Practical Nurse Nursing Mnemonic (CLPN)

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CHO, CHO, CHON Nursing Mnemonic (CHO, CHO, CHON)

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Community Health Tool Nursing Mnemonic (MAP-IT)

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Environmental Health Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (I PREPARE)

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Exercise Guidelines Nursing Mnemonic (FIT)

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Fire Safety 1 Nursing Mnemonic (PASS)

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Fire Safety 2 Nursing Mnemonic (RACE)

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Gluten Free Diet Nursing Mnemonic (BROW)

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High Pressure Vent Alarms Nursing Mnemonic (Kings Eat Big Cakes)

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IADLS (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living) Nursing Mnemonic (SCUM)

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Levels of consciousness Nursing Mnemonic (Never Carry Dirty Socks Or Smelly Clothes)

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Low Pressure Vent Alarms Nursing Mnemonic (Cake Everyday)

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Pain Assessment Questions Nursing Mnemonic (OPQRST)

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Planning Community Health Interventions Nursing Mnemonic (PRECEDE-PROCEED)

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Promotion and Evaluation of Normal Elimination Nursing Mnemonic (POOPER SCOOP)

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Pupil Reactions Nursing Mnemonic (PERRLA)

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Safety Check Nursing Mnemonic (MADLE)

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SBAR Communication Nursing Mnemonic (SBAR)

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Steps In The Nursing Process 3 Nursing Mnemonic (SOAPIE)

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Stoke Assessments Nursing Mnemonic (FAST)

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Steps in the Nursing Process 1 Nursing Mnemonic (ADPIE)

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Steps in the Nursing Process 2 Nursing Mnemonic (AAPIE)

nursing-mnemonics-abcdefghi

Trauma – Assessment (Emergency) Nursing Mnemonic (ABCDEFGHI)

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Trauma – Complications Nursing Mnemonic (TRAUMATIC)

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Trauma Surgery – Medical History Nursing Mnemonic (AMPLE)

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Triage Nursing Mnemonic (START)

nursing-mnemonics-wandering-wilma-always-late

Walkers Nursing Mnemonic (Wandering Wilma Always Late)

old-carts

OLD CARTS Mnemonic (OLD CARTS)

Fundamentals & Nursing Process Mnemonics

nursing-mnemonics-anorexia

Anorexia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (ANOREXIA)

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Appendicitis – Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (PAINS)

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Bulimia – Signs and Symptoms 1 Nursing Mnemonic (BULIMIA)

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Bulimia – Signs and Symptoms 2 Nursing Mnemonic (WASHED)

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Crohn’s Morphology and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (CHRISTMAS)

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Cirrhosis Complications Nursing Mnemonic (Please Bring Happy Energy)

nursing-mnemonics-bad-hits

Causes of Pancreatitis Nursing Mnemonic (BAD HITS)

nursing-mnemonics-brat

Diarrhea – Treatment Nursing Mnemonic (BRAT)

nursing-mnemonics-please-fix-his-abscess-soon

Diverticulitis Complications Nursing Mnemonic (Please Fix His Abscess SOon)

nursing-mnemonics-air-raid

Epiglottitis – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (AIR RAID)

nursing-mnemonics-reflux-is-probably-mean

GERD causes Nursing Mnemonic (Reflux Is Probably Mean)

nursing-mnemonics-her-belly-really-hurts-following-dinner

Hiatal Hernia Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Her Belly Really Hurts Following Dinner)

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Risk Factors for Cholelithiasis Nursing Mnemonic (5-F’s)

nursing-mnemonics-the-3-cs

Tracheal Esophageal Fistula – Sign and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (The 3 C’s)

Umbilical Cord Vasculature Nursing Mnemonic (2A1V)

Included In This Lesson

Outline

2A 1V

Description

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Nursing Mnemonics

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